Integrated air and missile defense (IAMD) system-of-systems (SoS) is the basic form of the integration of heterogeneous air defense forces,and plays an important role in the future air and space defense operations.Firstly,based on the reasons and objectives of the construction of IAMD,it is pointed out that the construction idea of the IAMD is decoupling the weapon systems and dynamic reorganization of the elements.Secondly,the overall architecture of the system is analyzed,and the core functions of the two key systems integrated battle command system (IBCS) and integrated fire control network (IFCN) are studied.Thirdly,the test situation and ability evolvement of the SoS are reviewed systematically,the construction emphases and development trend are discussed.Finally,the inspiration and suggestion of our army system construction are put forward.The research results show that the US Army has initially possessed the capability of distributed and networked air and missile defense operations.

Confronted with the reality of engineering work in complex system involving multi-disciplines, rigid concealment and uncertain factors, a risk evaluation method based on Bayesian network is put forward. By analyzing the process of engineering work, all possible factors are determined for the establishment of Bayesian network model. Aiming at the problem of lacking data for multi-state root nodes, the probabilities are obtained by applying triangular fuzzy function. Aiming at the difficulty in obtaining conditional probability values for multi-state nodes, DS evidence theory is applied to fuse experts' information. Arrangement for missiles in combat duty is taken as an example to perform risk evaluation. The result shows that the risk probability of engineering work can be determined easily through reasoning forward. Through reasoning backward key factors can be pointed out when the risk happens and preventive maintenance policies can be made accordingly.